Men's and women's sections, stone basins and bowls: how to use a public bath

2 November 2026

The unwritten rules of the Bulgarian public bath — men's and women's schedules, swimsuit or not, the stone basin, the hot pool and what not to do.

If you are walking into an old public bath for the first time, some things come as a surprise: people bathe without swimsuits, instead of showers there are stone basins, and the door says it is “women only” today. Here is what to know so you feel at ease.

The sections and the schedule

The classic Bulgarian bath has two mirror-image halves — one for men, one for women. Where only one half works, the sexes take turns: by the hour, by the day of the week, or — as in Krasnovo — on even and odd dates. The schedule is always posted at the entrance, and on this site we show it in the opening-hours table with a “men and women on different days” note. Call before you travel — schedules change.

Swimsuit or not

In the men's and women's sections, people traditionally bathe without swimsuits. Where the bath is shared — open-air pools, spas, and baths like Alay Banya in Kyustendil or Sapareva Banya — a swimsuit is required. If unsure, check the bath's page or ask at the desk.

The basin, the pool and the bowl

A kurna is the stone basin with a spout of running mineral water. You sit beside it and pour water over yourself with a bowl — this is how you wash before getting into the pool.
A topilo is the hot pool. Get in clean, slowly, and stay briefly — 10–15 minutes at a time.
A tasche — the bowl — is often provided; in village baths it is best to bring your own.

What to bring

A towel, flip-flops, shampoo and soap, a comb, a bottle of water and something to drink afterwards. There is a full list in What to take to the bath.

The unwritten rules

Wash at the basin or shower first, then get into the pool.
Do not soap up or wash clothes in the pool — soap is for the basin.
Do not hold on to a basin you are not using.
Keep your voice down — for many people the bath is a place to rest.
Do not take photos inside, especially in the sections without swimsuits.
Children are welcome, but keep them close and do not leave them long in the hot water.

How long to stay

Hot mineral water puts a load on the heart and circulation. Go in for short spells, rest in between and drink water. If you have high blood pressure or a heart condition, or are pregnant, ask a doctor — there is more in Mineral water and health.

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